A unified numerical approach for soft to hard magneto-viscoelastically coupled polymers

The last decade has witnessed the emergence of magneto-active polymers (MAPs) as one most advanced multi-functional soft composites. Depending on magnetisation mechanisms and responsive behaviour, MAPs are mainly classified hard magnetic MAPs. Polymeric materials widely treated fully incompressible solids that require special numerical treatment to solve associated boundary value problem. Furthermore, both particles-filled inherently viscoelastic. In this paper, we propose a unified simulation framework for magneto-mechanically coupled problems can model made compressible polymers, including effects time-dependent viscoelastic behaviour underlying matrix. First, variational formulations uncoupled derived. Later, weak forms discretised with higher-order Bézier elements while evolution equation internal variables is solved using generalised-alpha scheme. Finally, series experimentally-driven examples consisting beam robotic gripper models under loading, versatility benefits proposed demonstrated. effect material parameters response characteristics magneto-mechanical loading also studied. • A finite element analysis behaviour. Use quadratic achieve computational efficiency. Second-order accurate scheme time integration equations in constitutive models. Simulation settings.